Business Analytics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Analytics - Assignment Example 2. Of the six potential data quality problems such as currency, completeness, relevance, duplication, outliers and inconsistent values and coding, which do you consider as the most difficult to detect and fix and why? This has to be the completeness and relevance of data. In a project involving Big Data, it is almost impossible to correctly anticipate future data requirements. Data that may be useful right now may be of no purpose in future. It is also hard to fully understand what data is relevant for the project and what data is of no purpose. Fixing data incompleteness and irrelevance is a delicate task, as it usually results into altering the entire structure of databases and sometimes affecting the integrity of the entire databases. I consider currency, duplication, outliers and inconsistent values and coding to be relatively easy to fix. Currency conversion is inbuilt in data management systems. Duplication of data is also simple to detect and can be eliminated through the use of primary keys. Outliers, inconsistent values and coding can be removed by the use of tools which detect discrepancies in

Wilhelm Wundt Essay Example for Free

Wilhelm Wundt Essay Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt born on August 16th, 1832 in the German State of Baden was a philosopher, physician, professor and psychologist, and is considered by many as the â€Å"founder of modern psychology† or the â€Å"father of experimental psychology†. His contribution to psychology on a whole is noted favourably among modern psychologists; however, his labeling hence contribution to psychology as a science has distinguished him from many other prominent figures in the domain of psychology. He established the first laboratory committed exclusively to psychological research at the University in Leipzig, expanded experimental psychology as an established school of thought, developed the method of introspection which became the basis of the modern scientific method, wrote books and volumes of journals which channelled the spread of experimental psychology, and influenced different schools of thought such as structuralism and voluntarism. These were the major results of his efforts to pursue the study of human behavior in a systematic and scientific manner and his goal to establish psychology as a unique categorical science. Wundt, raised in a suburb called Neckarau, was the son of a Lutheran minister and grew up in an environment in which there were many scholars and intellectuals as both his parents’ families were made up of scholarly individuals such as historians, theologians, physicians and scientists. He therefore had a studious childhood and his education became solely the responsibility of his father’s assistant. His formal education began at the University of Tubingen, however, after staying for just one year he transferred to the University of Heidelberg where he became one of the top medical students in his class, graduated summa cum laude, and placed first in the state medical board examination (B. R. Hergenhahn, 2009). After graduating with his medical degree, he went on to the University of Berlin where he spent a year and after returned to Heidelberg where he became the lab assistant of famous physiologist Hermann Ludwig von Helmholtz. It was during this tenure with von Helmholtz that Wundt began to develop his theory that psychology was a natural science. This influenced him to give lectures on his scientific approach to psychology and write his first book called Contributions to the Theory of Sensory Perception which in essence paved the way for his journey in proving psychology to be a science. Wundt remained at Heidelberg until 1874 when he got an offer to be a Professor of inductive philosophy at Zurich University in Switzerland. After staying there for a year he received an appointment to teach philosophy at the University of Leipzig back home in Germany which he accepted and stayed until his death in 1920. The scientific approach by Wundt had soon come to be known as ‘Wundtian psychology’ because of its difference from what is was known as before him. The roots of psychology are quite archaic and are in fact dated back centuries to the early Greeks such as Aristotle and Hippocrates who had contrasting views of whether the heart or the brain was the seat of the mind. Glassman Hadad (2009) believed that generally psychology emerged from two traditions: philosophy and the natural science. Philosophers were always interested in understanding the meaning of human experience and perception. This interest sparked several studies which â€Å"set the stage for the development of the sciences, including psychology, through their reliance on observation as a means of knowing their world† (Kasschau, 2003, p. 15). One such philosopher was John Locke who showed his interest in deliberating the role of learning in behaviour when he wrote his Essay Concerning Human Understanding, which was published in 1690. Seventeenth century philosophers had introduced and popularized the idea of dualism, the concept that the mind and body are separate and distinct. Another famous philosopher Rene Descartes agreed with this idea; however he purported that there was still some interaction between mind and body. He had a mechanistic view of a human behaviour and reasoned that the mind and body influence each other to create a person’s experiences. He saw the mind as controlling the body’s movements, sensations, and perceptions. The scientific interests of psychology can also be dated back thousands of years with physicians such as Galen and Hippocrates who propelled their views of brain function. One scientist who emphatically influenced psychology was Isaac Newton. His work in physics helped to develop a scientific ‘method’ â€Å"consisting of observation, the formulation of hypotheses designed to predict events and outcomes and the subsequent testing of these hypotheses through further observation† (Watts, 2010). These elements remain central to the scientific method that is generally used in psychology. Also having great impact on psychology was Newton’s application of those methods and his theory of mechanical determinism. It was therefore believed that sciences such as biology, chemistry, physics and physiology had influenced aspects of psychology. Basically psychology was a combination or hybrid of different scientific fields and philosophy and was not seen as a distinct science. Philosophers such as Galileo, August Comte and Immanuel Kant rejected psychology as a science because they believed that it was outside the realm of science. Comte is noted famously for his exclusion of psychology from the classification of sciences which he wrote about in one of his famous writings Course of Positive Philosophy. John Stuart Mill, who was deeply influenced by and admired by Comte and his writings, disagreed with this exclusion. Mill voiced his objection of this exclusion and was of the opinion that psychology could become a science which he stated in his System of Logic in 1843; however, it needed someone with the scholarship and knowledge of how observation and experiments are made. Although Mill was of this position he did not go as far as to try to achieve this goal and only talked about doing psychological experiments; but Wundt took up the responsibility and actually did them. Therefore it was in the late 1800s and early 1900s that was the time when psychology broke away from philosophy and became a separate field of study (Plotnik Kouyoumdjian, 2011). Wundt believed that experimentation could be used to study only the simple processes of the mind but could not be used to study the more complex mental processes; however he did propose that it could help in the understanding of the higher mental processes. George A. Miller (1998) states that â€Å"For Wundt, psychology involved the analysis of consciousness into elements, the determination of the manner in which these elements are connected, and the determination of the laws of connection. This conception he borrowed from the British empiricists. Just as chemists had analyzed matter into atoms and anatomists had analyzed living systems into cells, psychologists, he decided, must analyze mind into the elementary sensations and feelings that make it up†.

If I Had A Choice By Walt Whitan Essay Example for Free

If I Had A Choice By Walt Whitan Essay Wave resemblance in Walt Whitmans If I Had the Choice Although not rhythmically or metrically consistent throughout, Walt Whitmans poem If I Had the Choice is very consistent in its attempt to resemble the characteristics, specifically the waves, of the sea; whether read, heard, or seen, the poems adaptation to a waves nature is clearly evident. Whitmans use of repeated, but not uniform, rhythm in the poem exposes the up and down nature of waves, while the sudden, drastic change in rhythm helps depict the crashing of a wave. The metrical variation in the poem similarly attributes to the resemblance of a wave, for it goes hand in hand with the length of each line, giving the poem the physical characteristics of a wave. While the there is no metrical consistency throughout the poem (probably done because no two waves are identically alike), there is a noticeable pattern and consistency in the rhythm of the poem. The consecutive use of iambs in the first five lines of the poem help to not only emphasize the steady motion of the sea, but more importantly to give the poem a sense of the up and down motion of the waves in the sea; the pattern of unstressed/stressed/unstressed/stressed syllables in every line is very similar to the up and down undulation of a wave. The shift from the iambic rhythm in lines one through five to a loud, sudden spondee in line six clearly depicts the image of a wave crashing. The spondaic rhythm (stress/stress) of the first two words in line six, These, these, is an unexpected, drastic change from the prior unstressed/stressed pattern. Similar to the crashing of a wave, this change was drastic, and quick; it does not last long, hence the reason for the poems quick return to an iambic rhythm. The poems last three lines are once again consistently iambic; they are back to the quiet, pacific motion of waves in the sea. Just as the height of a wave affects the power of a wave, the meter of this poem affects its rhythm. Although there is no specific pattern for the number of feet per line in this poem, the meter is still greatly significant. When broken up iambically, the number of feet increase steadily from line one to four, until we reach line five, the longest (10 feet) line. The length of line five is significantly important in portraying the nature of waves; it is representative of the amplitude of a wave before it is about  to crash. Line five is ten feet long because it is followed by line six, the line in which there was a sudden rhythmical change, which portrayed the crashing of the wave. Once it crashes, the waves return to their prior size, just as the following lines of the poem go back to having the same range of feet as they did before line five. The alternating number of feet per line also allow the poems structure to resemble a wave; no two waves are similar in frequency (height) or amplitude (width), just as no two sentences of this poem are identical in length. As the lines approach the middle of the poem, they get longer, and then begin decreasing in size after they reached the longest point, line five. Since line five, the middle of the poem, is the longest line, when held sideways, this line is representative of the middle of a wave, its highest point right before it crashes. By using rhythm and meter skillfully, this poem is successful in imitating the rhythm of the sea, and the meter of the waves in the sea. In doing this, Whitman makes a very distinctive point; rhythm and meter affect each other, just as the height of a wave affects its crash. This relationship is evident whether one reads, sees or hears this poem.

The Villain In A Separate Peace English Literature Essay

The Villain In A Separate Peace English Literature Essay In the novel, A Separate Peace, the main villain is Gene Forrester. One reason Gene is the villain is because Genes thoughts and views are envious. Ellis says that Gene is not capable of maintaining Phineass spiritual purity and, as a result, Gene is cruel to Phineas. Knowles informs that Gene assumes that there is no harm to envy your best friend since Gene thinks envying Phineas is perfectly normal. Another reason Gene is the villain is because Phineass death involves Gene and his cruelty. Ellis explains how Gene discovers his private evil, which causes him to hurt Phineas. Knowles describes how Gene already ends his own war, given that he kills his enemy at Devon School. Gene is the villain because his thoughts and views are envious. In the article it says, The tragedy of the novel ultimately is that Gene is not capable of maintaining the spiritual purity that distinguishes Phineas and so must as he discovers his own savagery betray Phineas  (Ellis 314). This quote explains that Gene finds his own odium towards Phineass spiritual personality. Therefore, Gene wants to be better and more superior than Phineas, causing him to be jealous of Phineas. As Gene becomes jealous, he gains savagery against Phineas because he cannot maintain the perfect image of his best friend. Gene also betrays Phineas and their friendship because Gene holds a grudge against his best friend. In conclusion, Gene discovers envious thoughts in which ends irritates Phineass presence. The amount of hatred and greed Gene has against Phineas symbolizes a villains personality. The amount of greed that Gene carries toward Phineas depicts him as a villain. In the novel, it states, I couldnt help envying him that a little, which was perfectly normal. There was no harm in envying even your best friend a little (Knowles 25). This quote explains that Gene starts to feel greed and soon envies his best friend, Phineas. Gene begins to act paranoid about being competitive with Phineas and, as a result, Gene becomes very jealous and alert. As Gene starts to envy his best friend, it shows how untrustworthy and evil Gene can be. It also shows that Gene admits that he does envy his best friend, Phineas, but it takes him a while to finally admit to himself that he feels this sense of jealousy. Gene just explains it in a way so that his thought of Phineas seems normal and uses it as an excuse so that it seems normal and ordinary. These cruel traits that Gene upholds can be categorize in the qualities of a true villain. Another reason Gene is the villain is because Phineass death involves Gene. Ellis states, Gene has discovered that his private evil, which caused him to hurt Phineas, is the same evil only magnified that results the war (318) This quote explains that Gene has an amount of evil within himself and it causes him to hurt Phineas. Gene shows no self control and an adolescent mind since he hurt his best friend due to jealousy. In addition, Phineass death involves Gene because he has so much evil and cruelty to be motivated to jounce the trees limp causing Phineas to fall which led to the beginning of his downfall. If Gene never discovered this internal evil then Phineass life would have never be on risk. Genes evil plays a huge role in classifying him as a true villain because his intense level of hate makes him infuriate about Phineass accomplishments and actions. Genes involvement in Finnys death classifies him as a villain. In the novel, it says, I never killed anyone and I never developed an intense level of hatred for the enemy. Because my war ended before I ever put on a uniform; I was on active duty all my time at school; I killed my enemy there (Knowles 204). This quote explains that Genes involvement in Phineass death was his goal or desire. At Deven, Gene wanted to end Phineass life so that he can look superior and will not have to worry about someone being better than him anymore. This quote also shows the huge amount of hatred and the lack of loyalty Gene has toward Phineas because Gene just wants to finish his own war. He results the end of his war by ending his best friends life and he does success since he takes out with bothered him the most. Finally, the quote illustrates that Gene shows no pity since he did not care as much and Gene also shows any sadness about Phineass death. Similar to a true villain, Gene terminates his ene my by the amount of hatred and envious desires. Therefore, Gene ends his war at Devon School by Phineass death and he was able to accomplish this by the intense level of hatred. Gene Forrester is the true villain in the novel, The Separate Peace. Genes envious thoughts and views make him develop an amount of hatred and greed towards his best friend, Phineas. Gene even finds his odium against Phineass personality, which soon makes him discover his savagery against Phineas. His envious thoughts make him envy his best friend and. as a result, increases the amount of greed and tension between both of them. The involvement in causing Phineass death also clarifies why Gene is the true villain. Genes evil causes him to make a goal, in which it involves the end of Phineass life so that his own war would end. Gene shows a variety of qualities and characteristic in which clarifies why Gene is the true villain in this novel.

Health Aspects Of Cocoa Essay -- essays research papers

Thesis: The development and distribution of cocoa has had a positive effect on today's society because of it's active role in daily health.I. History of CocoaA. Kakahutal Mayan and Aztec CultureB. Introduction to EuropeC. Cocoa PressII. Mental and Physical HealthA. MigrainesB. Cholesterol1. Stearic Acid2. Oleic Acid3. FlavonoidsC. Premenstrual SyndromeD. Kidney StonesE. Chemical Craving Theories1. Theobromine2. Phenylithylamine3. EndorphinsChocolate, one America's top industry's. We produce more chocolate and chocolate products than any other country, over 2.9 billion pounds a year. There has been much controversy about the lack of nutritional value of in it's contents, yet new studies have shown that cocoa, used to make chocolate, can be good for you. The development and distribution of cocoa has had a positive effect on today's society because of it's active role in daily health.Cocoa was last dated back to the Mayan and Aztec cultures in 1502. On Columbus' last voyage he brought a few cocoa beans from the new world to Spain but they were introduced as nothing more than seeds and so they were forgotten. Until 1519 when the Spanish explorer Hernando Cortez landed during his expedition to Mexico he came upon the people known as the Aztecs. While there he dined with many of the rich and powerful people of this society. He reported that these people drink amazing amounts of something they called choclatl (Chocolate! 12). Chocolatl a beverage made from corn meal, chili peppers, vanilla, and kakahutal or cocoa as it's known today. Cortez figured the if an Aztec king liked chocolatl, a Spanish king would too. So he brought some beans to Europe as one of the fabulous treasures from America. The Spanish royalty called their new drink chocolate. They sweetened it with sugar or honey and flavored it with cinnamon. But since the Spanish couldn't get enough beans for themselves, they didn't want to share them with anyone else. They kept the secret so well that, for many years, very few people in Europe knew about chocolate. When the secret finally leaked out, only rich people could afford the luxury. But soon more and more beans were being grown, and better ways of turning them into chocolate were discovered. Chocolate became so popular that cocoa pubs, houses where you can go eat and drink all the chocolate you wished, popped ... ...voided in the case of cocoa products. The development and distribution of cocoa has had a positive effect on today's society because of it's active role in daily health. This has been proven not only through the history of distribution behind cocoa, but also it's physical and mental effects on the human body. It has become a part of our religious society and will always have a special place in our hearts. Works Consulted"Chocolate." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed."Chocolate!" Ranger Rick 30 Feb. 1996: 12-16."Chocolate's Not a Culprit." Industry Week 247 March 16, 1996: 66."Cocoa." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed."Columbus." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed."Cortez." New Standard Encyclopedia. 1995 ed.Friedman, Max. "A Bittersweet Romance." Vegetarian Times 2 (1996): 74-81.Hearts May Safely Flutter Over Valentine's Chocolates. [Online] Available <a href="http://www.geisner.edu">http://www.geisner.edu, April 18, 1998.Jaret, Peter. "Three Cheers For Chocolate." Health 11 (1997): 30-33.Waterhouse, Debra. "Why Women Need Chocolate." Good Housekeeping 220 (1995): 81-88.

Tuesdays With Morrie :: Tuesdays With Morrie Essays

Tuesdays With Morrie Tuesdays With Morrie is a true novel based upon an older dying man's outlook on life. Throughout the story, the older man teaches his past student about life as his body is slowly withering away from the " Lou Gehrig's Disease." CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT: Morrie Schwartz (the older man) teaches his student, Mitch Albom, what really matters in life. The only way that I can begin to describe Morrie's character, is to quote an excerpt from pg. 10 regarding his reaction after being diagnosed: " But my old professor had a profound decision, one he began to construct the day he came out of the doctor's office with a sword hanging over his head. Do I wither up and disappear, or do I make the best of my time left? He asked himself. He would not wither. He would not be ashamed of dying. Instead he would make death his final project, the center point of his days. Since everyone was going to die, he could be of great value, right? He could be research. A human textbook. Study me in my slow and patient demise. Watch what happens to me. Learn with me. Morrie would walk that final bridge between life and death, and narrate the trip." Based on his decision not to wither up and die, and instead use his dying, as an opportunity to teach others what truly matters in life, shows how unselfish and positive he really was. Morrie didn't see his time spent ill as a waste, instead, he said, and I quote, " I mourn my dwindling time, but I cherish the chance it gives me to make things right." (Pg. 167) As a way to further carry out Morrie's wish to be useful, both Morrie and Mitch decided to meet every Tuesday to study and discuss life's greatest lessons. Not only do we see evidence of Morrie's character, we also see a change in Mitch and his values. With Morrie as a guide, Mitch begins to understand that money, and materialistic wealth, have less significance than things such as relationships, forgiveness, and love. IMAGERY: An excerpt from the book, which related to imagery, was what Morrie referred to as detachment.

Use of Doubt To Persuade Essay -- Successful Persuasion Essays

Persuasion goes on around us everyday, all the time, on television, on advertisements, even in conversations with friends. Perhaps because of this, much has been written on how to persuade more effectively. Most of this literature is built upon the notion that to persuade is to urge successfully and completely. Going along these lines, certainty and confidence are logical complements to effective persuasion, since we cannot hope to convince others when we are ourselves in doubt. Doubt, therefore, is felt to be at the other end of the spectrum and antithetical to persuasion. But the art of persuasion is a human art, and so it is a living art, which cannot be satisfactorily summed up between the covers of self-improvement guides. In reality, successful persuasion can somewhat deviate from the conventional criteria of certainty; in fact, even doubt can be used to persuade. This exciting possibility appears unlikely from the start, because there is an inherent paradox in the notion that doubt can persuade. This contradiction is even clearer when we consider persuasion in the form of a speech given to a large audience. To be able to hold his own in front of a crowd, the speaker, surely, must be certain of himself and what he wants to say. But there is a possible approach by which orators can round the corner of persuading with doubt, and even make doubt work to their advantage. Given that the doubt is a shared concern of both the speaker and his audience, a candid confession of uncertainty may open new emotional inroads into the audience. By serving as a common denominator and a common challenge to both parties, a shared doubt when brought into the open can direct the combined energies of the listeners towards finding a workable so... ...nd genuine than an outward show of sorrow. In this case, to contrive is to constrict. Doubt as an instinct embedded in persuasion transcends common rhetoric as it moves beyond the rational sphere of intellect into the domain of unbridled emotions. For this reason, and also because it was with an intention to explore persuasion beyond conventional notions that we set out to study the use of doubt in the first place, it is impossible and indeed unnecessary to encapsulate the skill of persuading with doubt within any sort of generalising guidelines. To subject this practice to prescriptive limits is to sever its lifeline-the vital element of spontaneity that moves with circumstances. As Lee lamented, "sometimes, history takes many devious turns"; it was exactly through one such quirk of history that his speech in 1965 achieved such astonishing payoffs ("Press" 9).